On September 14,  2009, CAEA Secretary General Wang Yiren, who was attending the 53rd IAEA General Conference, deposited the instrument of ratification of Amendment to the Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material (CPPNM) with the IAEA. China became the second nuclear weapon state after Russia to do so.

CPPNM is the only document of international law in the field of protection of civilian use nuclear material. The Amendment was adopted by the Conference of Signatory Parties in 2005.  Its early entry into force is significant for signatory parties to build up capabilities to prevent and combat nuclear terrorism and strengthen international nuclear security system.