Presentation at the International Ministerial Conference on Nuclear Energy in the 21st Century
WANG Yiren
Vice Chairman of CAEA
June 27, 2013 St. Petersburg
Mr. President,
It is my great pleasure to lead the Chinese delegation to attend this Conference. First of all, please allow me, on behalf of the CAEA, to extend my warm congratulations to the grand convening of this conference, and sincere appreciation to the host for their considerate arrangement.
By chance of the second ministerial conference in 2009, we gathered in Beijing to glowingly discuss about nuclear renaissance. Over the past four years, the world nuclear energy development has experienced many twists and turns, and the situation has greatly changed. The Fukushima nuclear accident has profoundly shaken the public’s confidence in nuclear power safety, and aroused our deep reflection on nuclear energy development. After the initial period of being panic and taking related emergency response measures, the shadow of the accident has been gradually dissipating. Countries are now taking a more objective and rational attitude toward nuclear energy development. The twilight of nuclear renaissance once again came into being with the successive commencement of new nuclear power projects in the US, Russia, France and China.
Over the past four years, nuclear power development has made new progress in China following coping with the Fukushima accident properly. Four new units have been successively put into commercial operation, including Ling Ao II, Fangjiashan (Qinshan II Expansion Project), Ningde Unit 1 and Hongyanhe Unit 1. So far, the operating nuclear power units in China added up to 17, with a total installed capacity of 14.69 GWe, while additional 28 units under construction, with a total installed capacity of 30.57 GWe, which accounts for 41% of the total number under construction globally. In last October, the Chinese government issued the revised Mediumand Longterm Nuclear Power Development Plan, which laid down thorough arrangement for the nuclear power development for the current and forthcoming period. The plan projects a target of 58 GWe of installed capacity in operation and 30 GWe under construction by 2020. In the meantime, the Chinese government attaches great importance to legislation related to nuclear energy development. With a comparatively complete nuclear laws and regulations system in place, China is now actively pushing forward the legislation of the Atomic Energy Act. On the basis of a large number of pre-studies, the Act has been listed in the legislation agenda of the National People’s Congress.
Chinas nuclear power development has made remarkable achievements by adhering to the peaceful purpose of nuclear energy development, sticking to combining independence and selfreliance with international cooperation, and taking safety as our lifeline. I would like to take this opportunity to share our experiences with colleagues sitting here:
Firstly, firm confidence in nuclear power development. As a big energy consumer, China aims to build a resource-saving and environment friendly society. The Government has committed to reducing carbon emission sharply and adhered to the strategy of energy mix optimization by gradually increasing the proportion of clean energy. Nuclear power is consistently taken as an important means to meet our energy demand, to ensure energy security and to deal with climate change. After the Fukushima nuclear accident, we actively dealt with the negative effects and carried out comprehensive evaluations. Based on this, we reiterated the perseverance in nuclear power development and put forward the principle of efficient development at the premise of safety. At present, China has steadily recovered the normal nuclear power construction with four units approved to commence construction, which fully reflects our firm confidence and resolution in nuclear power development.
Secondly, always put safety first. We have always adhered to the basic principle of putting safety first in nuclear power development. The Chinese government has paid much attention to nuclear safety and nuclear emergency. As a result, the nuclear safety and emergency regulation system has been improved and the infrastructure construction strengthened continuously. The nation-wide nuclear safety inspection after the Fukushima accident shows that all our nuclear facilities are safe. Based on this, the Chinese government issued the 12th Five-Year Plan and 2020 Target for Nuclear Safety and Prevention and Treatment of Radioactive Contamination, and the Nuclear Power Safety Plan in succession. These plans will guide the future nuclear safety work for a period of time. Up till now, all operating nuclear power plants in China have kept a sound safety record, with main performance indicators reaching the international advanced level. In the future, all new projects will be built in line with the world highest safety requirements, and must meet the Gen III safety standards.
Thirdly, insist on coordinated development of the whole nuclear industry. To achieve the safe, healthy and sustainable development of nuclear energy, China strives to improve its core capabilities. We have gradually improved the fundamental research of nuclear science and the development of advanced nuclear technologies, and actively promoted the introduction, assimilation and re-innovation of nuclear power technologies. Our basic capabilities in nuclear science and technology have been greatly enhanced, with several major scientific research facilities constructed and put into operation, including the China Experimental Fast Reactor (CEFR) and China Advanced Research Reactor (CARR). By developing advanced Gen III PWR technologies with advanced safety and economictechnical indicators and the Gen IV HGTR technology, important breakthroughs have been made in independent innovation. Equipment manufacture capacity has developed rapidly. China now has the basic conditions for manufacturing most of the major equipment for 1000 MWe nuclear power plant. For nuclear fuel development, China adopts a technical line of closed fuel cycle, and a complete nuclear fuel cycle system has taken shape. Our nuclear fuel supply can meet the demand for all nuclear power plants in operation currently. The fuel element manufacture for domestic nuclear power plants has been indigenized. The self-developed pilot spent fuel reprocessing plant passed the hot test, and a letter of intention on joint construction of a commercial reprocessing plant was concluded with France. Two near-surface disposal sites for medium- and low-level radwastes were built, and the siting for a high-level radwastes deep geological repository is underway.
Fourthly, persist in all-round cooperation of mutual benefits. Nuclear energy development in China is an important part of world nuclear energy development. We have always been thinking highly of the special role of international cooperation, and adhered to the principle of “mainly relying on our own while pursuing international cooperation”. All-round cooperation of mutual benefits has been carried out on bilateral or multi-lateral base. Over 40 years’ uninterrupted R&D, design and construction have laid a solid foundation for our future development and accumulated rich experiences. We are willing, together with colleagues from other countries, to strengthen cooperation, share experience, and raise the development level. The miniature neutron source reactor and medium- and small-scale nuclear power plants developed by China could meet the demand for developing countries, and our development history could provide a reference for new comers. We hope to offer support and aids to these developing countries via various channels.
The current Chinese Administration flies high the “China dream”, putting forward the idea to build a “Beautiful China” characterized by blue sky, green grass, treed mountain and clean water. To improve the ecological environment and adjust the energy mix are the only way to achieve these goals. The clean and highly-efficient nuclear energy will play an important and irreplaceable role in the new journey. To protect the earth where we live and to build a beautiful homeland are the common will of the whole world. For fear that the blue sky, fresh air, and the clean and sweet spring water become our memory, let’s hand in hand to firm our confidence, carry out sincere cooperation, and create a bright future of nuclear energy!
Thanks for your attention!